Testing the disks
As the hard disk drive (hdd) is old, first thing was to connect it to my laptop and run all the tests I could. The OS in my laptop is an opensuse Leap 42.2 distribution. The laptop has the internal hdd (/dev/sda), and when the external hdd will be plugged, it should show up as /dev/sdb. Beware that this can be different in your system if you have another distribution and/or more disks. I put here my results as a guide, not as written on stone. Be patient and careful, and remember that the internet is full of information. And at first, do not plug the external hdd.
We need some tools, and as I like the command line more than the GUI, all commands are from the bash as root. So check that your seat belt is lock and open a root console
Check for the smartmontools (www.smartmontools.org) If this is not the case, use yast or zypp to install them.
In order to check any disk, first always update the SMART database
The first thing, prior to plug any hdd, is to take a look at which devices the OS recognizes as disks
Then plug the external hdd, and see how it shows up
Next step is discovering what kind of disk your hdd has inside, and how in good shape it is
So inside the box, a Seagate hard disk drive lies. And as it is a good hdd, the SMART support is enabled and available. Now let us see the health status of the drive, by asking for the last health report it has registered.
That was short but informative, so now ask for the capabilities of the drive
Two types of tests can be made by the hardware (and firmware) of this external disk. Let us first run the short
We wat for a minute or so, and then
This disk has been running for 2086 hours. This is a very short time, compared to a few disks I saw at work with near 50000 hours (that's more than 6 years of operation). So now it is time to see how it behaves on the long test.
This took a while, and in the mean time I did a bit of unboxing of the R3 (see next section), and then come back. Once the time has past, another good command is to ask for e(x)tended (a)ll information. Even now we know the device drive, that is SAT.
Well, this not really good news, because something got wrong along the long test. So probably I have to open the pocket mouth and buy a brand new hdd to make this project a stable one. But in the mean time, I will play along with this one.
Read prior entry about which hardware should we pick [←].
Read next entry [→].
I will also update this blog as soon as the new drive is in place :)
As the hard disk drive (hdd) is old, first thing was to connect it to my laptop and run all the tests I could. The OS in my laptop is an opensuse Leap 42.2 distribution. The laptop has the internal hdd (/dev/sda), and when the external hdd will be plugged, it should show up as /dev/sdb. Beware that this can be different in your system if you have another distribution and/or more disks. I put here my results as a guide, not as written on stone. Be patient and careful, and remember that the internet is full of information. And at first, do not plug the external hdd.
We need some tools, and as I like the command line more than the GUI, all commands are from the bash as root. So check that your seat belt is lock and open a root console
Check for the smartmontools (www.smartmontools.org) If this is not the case, use yast or zypp to install them.
earth:~ # rpm -qa | grep smartmontools smartmontools-6.5-121.1.x86_64
In order to check any disk, first always update the SMART database
earth:~ # /usr/sbin/update-smart-drivedb /usr/share/smartmontools/drivedb.h updated from branches/RELEASE_6_5_DRIVEDB
The first thing, prior to plug any hdd, is to take a look at which devices the OS recognizes as disks
earth:~ # ls -ls /dev/sd* 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda1 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 10 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda10 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda2 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 3 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda3 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 5 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda5 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 6 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda6 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 7 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda7 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 8 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda8 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 9 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda9
Then plug the external hdd, and see how it shows up
earth:~ # ls -ls /dev/sd* 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda1 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 10 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda10 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda2 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 3 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda3 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 5 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda5 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 6 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda6 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 7 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda7 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 8 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda8 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 9 Aug 23 10:42 /dev/sda9 0 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Aug 23 11:10 /dev/sdb
Next step is discovering what kind of disk your hdd has inside, and how in good shape it is
earth:~ # smartctl -i /dev/sdb smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.10 Device Model: ST3320820A Serial Number: 12345678 Firmware Version: 3.AAD User Capacity: 320,072,933,376 bytes [320 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ATA/ATAPI-7 (minor revision not indicated) Local Time is: Wed Aug 23 17:55:13 2017 CEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability SMART support is: Enabled
So inside the box, a Seagate hard disk drive lies. And as it is a good hdd, the SMART support is enabled and available. Now let us see the health status of the drive, by asking for the last health report it has registered.
earth:~ # smartctl -H /dev/sdb smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
That was short but informative, so now ask for the capabilities of the drive
earth:~ # smartctl -c /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 430) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 115) minutes.
Two types of tests can be made by the hardware (and firmware) of this external disk. Let us first run the short
earth:~ # smartctl -t short /dev/sdb smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Wed Aug 23 10:10:10 2017 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
We wat for a minute or so, and then
earth:~ # smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdb smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2086 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1414 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1394 -
This disk has been running for 2086 hours. This is a very short time, compared to a few disks I saw at work with near 50000 hours (that's more than 6 years of operation). So now it is time to see how it behaves on the long test.
earth:~ # smartctl -t long /dev/sdb smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM) Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 115 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Wed Aug 23 14:14:14 2017 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
This took a while, and in the mean time I did a bit of unboxing of the R3 (see next section), and then come back. Once the time has past, another good command is to ask for e(x)tended (a)ll information. Even now we know the device drive, that is SAT.
earth:~ # smartctl --device=sat --xall /dev/sdb
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-4.4.79-18.26-default] (SUSE RPM)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.10
Device Model: ST3320820A
Serial Number: 12345678
Firmware Version: 3.AAD
User Capacity: 320,072,933,376 bytes [320 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA/ATAPI-7 (minor revision not indicated)
Local Time is: Fri Aug 25 15:15:15 2017 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
AAM feature is: Unavailable
APM feature is: Unavailable
Rd look-ahead is: Enabled
Write cache is: Enabled
ATA Security is: Disabled, NOT FROZEN [SEC1]
Wt Cache Reorder: Unavailable
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 121) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 430) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 115) minutes.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-- 101 093 006 - 89908515
3 Spin_Up_Time PO---- 094 090 000 - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 020 - 867
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 100 100 036 - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate POSR-- 081 060 030 - 132019117
9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 098 098 000 - 2113
10 Spin_Retry_Count PO--C- 100 100 097 - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 099 099 020 - 1470
187 Reported_Uncorrect -O--CK 092 092 000 - 8
189 High_Fly_Writes -O-RCK 100 100 000 - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel -O---K 054 050 045 - 46 (Min/Max 27/48)
194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 046 050 000 - 46 (0 17 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered -O-RC- 059 052 000 - 58061254
197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--C- 100 100 000 - 1
198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----C- 100 100 000 - 1
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -OSRCK 200 200 000 - 3
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ------ 100 253 000 - 0
202 Data_Address_Mark_Errs -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0
||||||_ K auto-keep
|||||__ C event count
||||___ R error rate
|||____ S speed/performance
||_____ O updated online
|______ P prefailure warning
General Purpose Log Directory Version 1
SMART Log Directory Version 1 [multi-sector log support]
Address Access R/W Size Description
0x00 GPL,SL R/O 1 Log Directory
0x01 GPL,SL R/O 1 Summary SMART error log
0x02 GPL,SL R/O 5 Comprehensive SMART error log
0x03 GPL,SL R/O 5 Ext. Comprehensive SMART error log
0x06 GPL,SL R/O 1 SMART self-test log
0x07 GPL,SL R/O 1 Extended self-test log
0x09 GPL,SL R/W 1 Selective self-test log
0x20 GPL,SL R/O 1 Streaming performance log [OBS-8]
0x21 GPL,SL R/O 1 Write stream error log
0x22 GPL,SL R/O 1 Read stream error log
0x23 GPL,SL R/O 1 Delayed sector log [OBS-8]
0x80-0x9f GPL,SL R/W 16 Host vendor specific log
0xa0 GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xa1 GPL,SL VS 20 Device vendor specific log
0xa2 GPL,SL VS 101 Device vendor specific log
0xa8 GPL,SL VS 20 Device vendor specific log
0xa9 GPL,SL VS 1 Device vendor specific log
0xe0 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Command/Status
0xe1 GPL,SL R/W 1 SCT Data Transfer
0xff GPL - 23552 Reserved
SMART Extended Comprehensive Error Log Version: 1 (5 sectors)
Device Error Count: 8
CR = Command Register
FEATR = Features Register
COUNT = Count (was: Sector Count) Register
LBA_48 = Upper bytes of LBA High/Mid/Low Registers ] ATA-8
LH = LBA High (was: Cylinder High) Register ] LBA
LM = LBA Mid (was: Cylinder Low) Register ] Register
LL = LBA Low (was: Sector Number) Register ]
DV = Device (was: Device/Head) Register
DC = Device Control Register
ER = Error register
ST = Status register
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 8 [7] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2103 hours (87 days + 15 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC
-- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
40 -- 51 00 00 00 1f 58 33 d8 33 e0 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x1f5833d833 = 134623778867
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- --------------------
25 00 da 00 08 00 1f 58 00 d8 30 e0 00 02:59:21.577 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 08 00 1f 58 00 d8 30 e0 00 02:59:21.575 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 08 00 1f 58 00 d8 28 e0 00 02:59:21.571 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 10 00 1f 59 00 d8 98 e0 00 02:59:21.568 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 f0 00 1f 58 00 d8 a8 e0 00 02:59:21.566 READ DMA EXT
Error 7 [6] ...
Error 6 [5] ...
...
Error 1 [0] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 2103 hours (87 days + 15 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC
-- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- --
40 -- 51 00 00 00 1f 58 33 d8 33 e0 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x1f5833d833 = 134623778867
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- --------------------
25 00 da 00 f0 00 1f 58 00 d8 00 e0 00 02:59:21.577 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 20 00 1f 57 00 d8 e0 e0 00 02:59:21.575 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 f0 00 1f 56 00 d8 f0 e0 00 02:59:21.571 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 f0 00 1f 56 00 d8 00 e0 00 02:59:21.568 READ DMA EXT
25 00 da 00 20 00 1f 55 00 d8 e0 e0 00 02:59:21.566 READ DMA EXT
SMART Extended Self-test Log Version: 1 (1 sectors)
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 2109 29464009922611
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 2086 27616703817874
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2086 -
# 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1414 -
# 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 1394 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
SCT Commands not supported
Device Statistics (GP/SMART Log 0x04) not supported
SATA Phy Event Counters (GP Log 0x11) not supported
Well, this not really good news, because something got wrong along the long test. So probably I have to open the pocket mouth and buy a brand new hdd to make this project a stable one. But in the mean time, I will play along with this one.
Read prior entry about which hardware should we pick [←].
Read next entry [→].
I will also update this blog as soon as the new drive is in place :)
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